Research shows that smokers face a significantly higher likelihood of developing vision-threatening eye conditions, including cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
The Connection Between Smoking and Cataracts
Smokers are twice as likely to develop cataracts, the world’s leading cause of blindness. Early symptoms include blurred or double vision, faded colours, light sensitivity and poor night vision. Thankfully, cataracts can often be reversed through a remarkably safe and routine surgery, meaning any vision loss is usually temporary. Sadly, the same cannot be said for other vision-threatening conditions.
Smoking and Diabetic Eye Disease
Diabetes-related eye problems are numerous, and smoking increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by up to 40%, making smokers more vulnerable to associated eye diseases. Diabetic retinopathy, for instance, occurs when weakened blood vessels in the back of the eye leak into the retina, cutting off its oxygen supply. Left untreated, the condition worsens, particularly if diabetes is poorly managed.
Smoking and Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Our sharpest, most detailed vision comes from the macula, a small area in the centre of the retina. AMD causes the macula to deteriorate over time, leading to permanent blindness. Smokers are three times more likely to develop AMD and are at risk of developing it earlier in life than non-smokers.
Vaping: Not the Safe Alternative It’s Touted to Be
E-cigarettes are often marketed as a healthier alternative to smoking, but the reality isn’t so rosy. Many of the chemicals in vaping liquids have been linked to the same vision-threatening conditions as smoking. Simply put, there’s no truly safe or healthy way to consume tobacco.
Break the Habit and Prioritize Eye Health
Even long-time smokers can reap significant health benefits by quitting, including a reduced risk of eye disease. In addition to quitting, maintaining an active lifestyle, eating a nutrient-rich diet, and scheduling regular eye exams are essential for safeguarding your vision. Early detection is key to managing eye conditions effectively, so take charge of your eye health today.
João Albano is the Chief Optometrist and Technical Director of Algarvisão, a specialist in orthoptics, optometry, and advanced contactology.